The Licorice Gourami, scientifically named Parosphromenus deissneri, is a small and strikingly beautiful species of freshwater fish from Southeast Asia. This gourami is highly prized in the aquarium trade for its vibrant colors and intricate patterns, along with its unique behavior and care requirements.

Parosphromenus deissneri is typically characterized by a slender body and a color palette that includes deep blues, blacks, and reds, often with iridescent patches. The males are especially colorful, showcasing brighter and more vivid hues compared to the more subdued females. These gouramis are quite small, rarely exceeding a few inches in length, making them suitable for nano or small-sized aquariums.

In the wild, Licorice Gouramis inhabit peat swamp forests and blackwater streams, environments that are naturally acidic and low in mineral content. Replicating these conditions in captivity is crucial for their health and well-being. The aquarium should have soft, acidic water with a high degree of tannins, which can be achieved through the use of peat moss or by adding leaves like Indian almond leaves that leach tannins into the water.

The tank setup for Licorice Gouramis should include plenty of hiding spots and subdued lighting to mimic their natural habitat. Dense vegetation, either live or artificial, provides necessary shelter and helps the fish feel secure. Because they are shy and peaceful, they should not be housed with large or aggressive species that may intimidate or harass them.

Diet-wise, Licorice Gouramis are micro predators, feeding primarily on tiny invertebrates in the wild. In captivity, they thrive on a diet of small live or frozen foods such as daphnia, brine shrimp, and micro worms. They may also accept finely crushed flake food or small pellets designed for small, carnivorous fish.

Breeding Licorice Gouramis can be rewarding but challenging. They are bubble nest builders, with the male constructing a small nest among the plants or under a leaf where the female will lay her eggs. Post-spawning, it is common for the male to guard the nest and care for the eggs until they hatch. The breeding tank should be set up to closely mimic their natural breeding conditions, including soft, acidic water and plenty of plant cover.

Conservation of Parosphromenus deissneri is a significant concern, as their natural habitats are increasingly threatened by deforestation, land conversion, and pollution. Sustainable practices in the aquarium trade and efforts to conserve their wild habitats are critical for ensuring the survival of this delicate and beautiful species.

Overall, the Licorice Gourami is an exquisite addition to a carefully curated community tank or a species-specific setup. Its specific care requirements and sensitive nature make it best suited for experienced aquarists who can appreciate and cater to the delicate balance required to maintain these stunning fish in captivity.