The Needle Nose Gar, Xenentodon cancila, is a unique and intriguing species of freshwater fish, distinct for its elongated body and sharply pointed snout, resembling a needle. This appearance is not only striking but also functional, aiding the fish in its role as a proficient predator in its native habitats, which span across South and Southeast Asia, including countries like India, Thailand, and Indonesia.

Reaching a moderate size in adulthood, the Needle Nose Gar is a slender fish, characterized by its silver body and elongated jaw lined with sharp teeth, designed for catching prey. Its predatory nature is a significant aspect of its behavior in both natural habitats and aquarium settings, where it showcases its skill in hunting small fish and invertebrates.

Aquarists who wish to keep Needle Nose Gars need to consider their predatory behavior when selecting tank mates, as smaller fish are likely to be viewed as prey. Therefore, companions should be chosen among similarly sized species that can coexist peacefully with these active hunters. Additionally, due to their propensity for quick movements and jumping, a securely covered aquarium is essential to prevent escape.

The care of Xenentodon cancila requires attention to their specific needs, starting with a spacious tank to accommodate their swimming behavior and potential size. These gars prefer a setup that includes open areas for swimming as well as places for hiding, which can be achieved with strategically placed plants, driftwood, and rocks. Given their natural habitat in rivers and streams, a setup that includes a moderate current can help replicate their preferred environment.

Water quality is paramount for the health of Needle Nose Gars, necessitating a filtration system capable of maintaining clean and well-oxygenated water. Regular water changes and monitoring of water parameters are crucial practices to ensure their well-being.

Diet is another critical aspect of Needle Nose Gar care. In the wild, their diet consists primarily of live prey, which should be mirrored in captivity to ensure optimal health and satisfaction of their predatory instincts. A diet of live or frozen foods such as brine shrimp, bloodworms, and small fish can meet their nutritional needs, although some individuals may be trained to accept high-quality prepared foods over time.

Breeding Needle Nose Gars in captivity is considered challenging due to their specific spawning requirements and behaviors. Successful breeding typically requires a large, well-maintained setup that mimics their natural conditions, including water temperature and quality, as well as the provision of suitable spawning sites.

In summary, the Needle Nose Gar offers a captivating presence in the aquarium due to its unique appearance and predatory behavior. However, its care demands a commitment to providing a suitable environment, appropriate diet, and compatible tank mates, making it a species best suited for experienced aquarists willing to meet these specific requirements.