The Orange Chromide, scientifically known as Pseudetroplus maculatus, is a small and beautifully colored cichlid native to the freshwater and brackish lagoons, estuaries, and rivers of southern India and Sri Lanka. Known for its bright coloration and peaceful temperament, this species is one of the few cichlids well-suited to community aquariums and is particularly popular among aquarists interested in brackish or South Asian biotope setups.

Orange Chromides have an oval-shaped, laterally compressed body with a vibrant golden to orange coloration that gives them their name. Depending on mood, age, and environmental conditions, their color intensity can range from soft yellow-orange to deep, fiery orange. Many individuals display subtle blue or green iridescence along their flanks and fins, along with faint dark spots or a central lateral mark. Their expressive eyes and graceful swimming behavior add to their charm.

In captivity, Orange Chromides thrive in aquariums that offer both open swimming space and ample hiding spots. A setup with smooth rocks, driftwood, and live or hardy plants such as Vallisneria or Java fern works well, as these fish appreciate areas where they can retreat and establish small territories. They tolerate both freshwater and slightly brackish water, though they often display their best coloration and health in lightly brackish conditions. Stable, clean water maintained through regular changes and efficient filtration is essential for their well-being.

Orange Chromides are peaceful compared to most other cichlids, making them excellent candidates for community aquariums with similarly sized, non-aggressive tank mates. They can be kept in small groups, as they are social and tend to exhibit interesting interactions, particularly during breeding periods. Keeping them in a well-structured environment helps prevent territorial disputes and encourages natural behaviors.

Their diet is omnivorous, and they are easy to feed in captivity. They readily accept high-quality flake or pellet foods, along with live or frozen options such as brine shrimp, daphnia, or bloodworms. Including plant-based foods like spirulina flakes or blanched vegetables in their diet helps maintain their vibrant coloration and overall health. A varied diet closely mimicking their natural feeding habits will ensure optimal condition and breeding success.

Breeding Orange Chromides is quite achievable under the right conditions. They form monogamous pairs and exhibit attentive parental care, with both parents guarding the eggs and fry. Spawning typically occurs on flat surfaces such as rocks or broad leaves, and the pair will vigorously defend their nest. After hatching, the fry are cared for by both parents and can be fed infusoria or finely crushed flake food until they grow large enough for larger fare.

Overall, the Orange Chromide is a delightful species for aquarists seeking a colorful, active, and peaceful cichlid. Its bright orange tones, gentle nature, and fascinating parental behavior make it an appealing and rewarding choice for both freshwater and lightly brackish aquariums. With proper care and an appropriate environment, these charming fish can thrive and bring warmth and life to any aquatic display.