The Peru Black Cory, scientifically known as Corydoras semiaquilus, is a captivating and relatively rare species of freshwater catfish native to the slow-moving rivers and floodplain areas of the Amazon Basin in Peru. This species is highly valued by aquarists for its unique appearance, peaceful demeanor, and active bottom-dwelling behavior, making it an excellent addition to well-maintained community aquariums.

Peru Black Corys are characterized by their robust, laterally compressed bodies and distinctive dark coloration. Their bodies typically display a dark brown to black base color, which can appear iridescent under proper lighting. This striking coloration, combined with their light-colored underbellies, makes them stand out in any aquarium. Like other Corydoras species, they have a slightly upturned mouth with barbels that they use to forage for food in the substrate.

In captivity, Peru Black Corys thrive in aquariums that closely mimic their natural habitat. A tank setup should include a soft, sandy substrate to protect their sensitive barbels and allow for natural foraging behavior. Providing plenty of hiding spots with rocks, driftwood, and aquatic plants is essential, as these elements offer shelter and help reduce stress. Live plants such as Java fern, Anubias, and Amazon swords can create a more natural and comfortable environment.

Water conditions should be slightly acidic to neutral, with moderate hardness. Maintaining stable water parameters through regular water changes and efficient filtration is crucial for the health and well-being of Peru Black Corys. They are relatively hardy fish but do best in clean, well-oxygenated water.

Peru Black Corys are social fish that should be kept in groups of at least six or more to promote their well-being and natural schooling behavior. Keeping them in a school not only reduces stress but also encourages their active and interactive behavior. They are peaceful and can be housed with other similarly sized, non-aggressive fish, making them ideal for community tanks.

Their diet should be varied to ensure they receive all necessary nutrients. Peru Black Corys are omnivorous and will readily accept high-quality sinking pellets, algae wafers, and live or frozen foods such as bloodworms, brine shrimp, and daphnia. Providing a mix of these foods will help maintain their health, vibrant colors, and energetic behavior.

Breeding Peru Black Corys in captivity can be a rewarding experience. They are egg scatterers, typically laying their eggs on plants, rocks, or tank glass. To encourage breeding, maintain optimal water conditions and provide plenty of fine-leaved plants or spawning mops. Once spawning occurs, it is advisable to remove the adults from the breeding tank to prevent them from eating the eggs. The eggs usually hatch within a few days, and the fry can be fed with infusoria or finely crushed flake food until they are large enough to accept standard fare.

Overall, the Peru Black Cory is an excellent choice for aquarists looking for a peaceful, attractive, and relatively easy-to-care-for species. Their striking appearance, gentle nature, and active behavior make them a delightful addition to any well-maintained community aquarium. With proper care, they can thrive and bring a touch of elegance and lively activity to your aquatic setup.