The Salween Rock Catfish, scientifically known as Erethistes filamentosus, is a fascinating and relatively rare species of freshwater fish native to the fast-flowing streams and rivers of Southeast Asia, particularly in Myanmar. This species is highly valued by aquarists for its unique appearance, hardy nature, and interesting behavior, making it an excellent addition to well-maintained, species-specific or community aquariums that replicate its natural habitat.

Salween Rock Catfish are characterized by their small, elongated bodies and distinctive coloration. Their bodies typically display a mottled pattern of dark and light browns, providing excellent camouflage against the rocky substrates of their native streams. They have a set of long, filamentous extensions on their pectoral fins, which add to their unique appearance and give them their common name. Their flattened bodies and wide heads are adapted to clinging to rocks in fast-moving water.

In captivity, Salween Rock Catfish thrive in aquariums that closely mimic their natural fast-flowing stream habitat. A tank setup should include a soft, sandy or fine gravel substrate with plenty of smooth rocks and driftwood to create hiding spots and provide surfaces for the catfish to cling to. Strong water movement and high oxygenation are crucial, as these fish are adapted to fast-flowing, well-oxygenated environments. Adding live plants that can tolerate strong currents, such as Anubias or Java fern, can also enhance the natural look of the tank.

Water conditions should be slightly acidic to neutral, with soft to moderately hard water. Maintaining stable water parameters through regular water changes and efficient filtration is crucial for the health and well-being of Salween Rock Catfish. They are relatively hardy fish but do best in clean, well-oxygenated water with a strong current.

Salween Rock Catfish are generally peaceful and can be kept with other similarly sized, non-aggressive fish that thrive in similar water conditions. They are often shy and reclusive, so providing plenty of hiding spots and ensuring they have enough space to establish their own territories is essential. They can be kept in groups, but adequate space and hiding spots are crucial to reduce stress and territorial behavior.

Their diet should be varied to ensure they receive all necessary nutrients. Salween Rock Catfish are omnivorous and will readily accept high-quality sinking pellets, algae wafers, and live or frozen foods such as bloodworms, brine shrimp, and daphnia. Providing a mix of these foods will help maintain their health, vibrant colors, and energetic behavior.

Breeding Salween Rock Catfish in captivity can be challenging due to their specific environmental needs. They require clean, well-oxygenated water with a strong current, and the provision of suitable spawning sites such as smooth rocks or caves. If breeding is successful, the eggs should be protected from potential predators within the tank, including the adult fish. The fry can be fed with infusoria or finely crushed flake food until they are large enough to accept standard fare.

Overall, the Salween Rock Catfish is an excellent choice for experienced aquarists looking for a unique and visually appealing species. Their striking appearance, hardy nature, and interesting behavior make them a captivating addition to any well-maintained aquarium. With proper care and the right environment, they can thrive and bring a touch of the dynamic, fast-flowing streams of Southeast Asia to your aquatic setup.