Sicyopus exallisquamulus, commonly known as the Lipstick Goby, is a rare and visually striking species of freshwater goby native to the fast-flowing streams and rivers of Southeast Asia, particularly in Indonesia and Papua New Guinea. This species is highly prized by aquarists for its unique appearance, fascinating behavior, and adaptability to specific water conditions, making it an excellent addition to specialized aquariums.

Lipstick Gobies are characterized by their elongated, slender bodies and distinctive coloration. Their bodies typically display a pale to light brown or gray base color with vibrant red or orange markings around their mouths, resembling lipstick, which gives them their common name. Males are usually more colorful than females, especially during the breeding season. Their fins can also display bright colors, adding to their overall visual appeal.

In captivity, Lipstick Gobies thrive in aquariums that closely mimic their natural fast-flowing stream habitat. A tank setup should include a soft, sandy substrate to allow for natural burrowing and foraging behavior without causing injury. Providing plenty of smooth rocks, driftwood, and live plants is essential, as these elements offer shelter and help reduce stress. Additionally, creating areas with strong water flow using powerheads or specialized filters can help replicate their native environment.

Water conditions should be slightly acidic to neutral, with moderate hardness. Maintaining stable water parameters through regular water changes and efficient filtration is crucial for the health and well-being of Lipstick Gobies. They are relatively hardy but require clean, well-oxygenated water to thrive.

Lipstick Gobies are generally peaceful but can be territorial, especially during breeding. They can be kept with other similarly sized, non-aggressive fish that can handle the same fast-flowing water conditions. It's essential to provide enough space and hiding spots to reduce territorial disputes and ensure a harmonious environment.

Their diet should be varied to ensure they receive all necessary nutrients. Lipstick Gobies are omnivorous and will readily accept high-quality sinking pellets, algae wafers, and live or frozen foods such as bloodworms, brine shrimp, and daphnia. Including vegetable matter, like blanched spinach or spirulina flakes, can also be beneficial for their overall health.

Breeding Lipstick Gobies in captivity can be challenging but is possible with the right conditions. They are cave spawners, typically laying their eggs in secluded spots within the aquarium. To encourage breeding, provide multiple caves and hiding spots, maintain optimal water conditions, and ensure a well-balanced diet. The male will guard the eggs until they hatch, which usually takes about a week. Once the fry emerge, they can be fed with infusoria or finely crushed flake food until they are large enough to accept standard fare.

Overall, Sicyopus exallisquamulus, or the Lipstick Goby, is an excellent choice for experienced aquarists looking for a unique and visually appealing species. Their striking appearance, interesting behavior, and adaptability to fast-flowing water conditions make them a captivating addition to specialized aquariums. With proper care and attention to their specific needs, Lipstick Gobies can thrive and become a dynamic and colorful part of your aquatic setup.